分布式光纤测温系统及高速数据采集与处理

分布式光纤测温系统是一种用于实时测量空间温度场分布的光纤传感系统 ,在系统中 ,光纤本身既是传输媒体也是传感媒体。讨论了系统的工作原理、设计思想、系统构成、高速数据采集以及瞬态采样平均技术 ,该系统已应用于石油测井。     

一种小样本和小失效数系统可靠性分析方法

根据小样本和小失效数系统的特点，以及可靠性分布函数和参数估计的不确定性和模糊性，提出了一种可靠性分析方法。采用指数分布族，通过分析最少和最大失效数两种最极端状态，确定中间状态的备选点，运用最小平方差原理进行逐个筛选，并给出了算法流程。分析结果表明，计算值与实际观测值较为吻合。该方法可使系统可靠性的估计精度有较大提高。     

Principal components in the PG-X-ray QSO sample

We have performed a spectral principal component analysis for a complete sample of 22 low redshift QSOs with spectra from Ly to H, and found three significant principal components, which account for 78% of the spectrum-to-spectrum variance. We present strong arguments that the first principal component represents the Baldwin effect, relating equivalent widths to the luminosity (i.e. accretion rate). The second component represents continuum variations, probably dominated by intrinsic reddening. The third principal component is directly related to broad emission-line width and X-ray spectral index, and therefore probably driven by Eddington accretion ratio, L/L_Edd. The third set of relationships tie directly to the optical Principal Component 1 found by Boroson and Green [Boroson, T., Green, R.F., Astrophys. J. Suppl. 80, 109, 1992 (BG92)], and are the primary cause of scatter in the Baldwin relationships.     

全样本场合几何分布产品步进应力加速寿命试验TFR模型下的统计分析

本文首次将步加试验中的损伤失效率模型应用于离散型寿命分布场合,给出了TFR模型几何分布产品全样本场合多步步加试验下参数的极大似然估计。并通过一例子来说明方法的可行性。     

Y－TZP陶瓷超塑性拉伸变形试验

通过实验找出Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷超塑性变形的最佳温度、初始应变速率及最大的变形量，并求出应变速率敏感性指数ｍ值。利用得到的最佳工艺参数制造出陶瓷环形件样件。     

同应力多危险部位轮盘寿命可靠性试验评估方法

讨论了轮盘寿命试验评估中基于威布尔分布和对数正态分布的寿命分散系数法。提出两种多危险部位轮盘寿命试验评估的改进分散系数估计法,并以某轮盘概率寿命评估为例说明了改进方法的应用。     

基于多电技术的民用飞机舱门电作动器研究

目前国内多电技术的工程应用较少,基于此,以舱门电作动器为例,分析了其技术要求,从No-Back和软硬件设计技术两方面对设计难点进行了研究,然后对电机组件、齿轮装置、控制组件、控制板、作动器控制算法进行了系统设计,并完成样件试验。结果表明,样件满足设计要求和功能要求。     

基于FMECA信息的测试性验证试验样本分配方法

针对目前国内外测试性验证试验中普遍采用的基于故障率的分层抽样方法考虑因素单一,可能导致样本分配不尽合理,而现有考虑多因素的样本分配方法代表性不足,难以实现工程上的应用的问题,对影响样本分配的因素与故障模式影响及危害性分析(FMECA)信息的关系进行了详细分析,提出了基于FMECA信息的样本分配方法。首先定义了单元影响系数和影响因子向量,提出了向量各元素赋值规则,解决了影响因素选取的问题;其次通过基于逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)优化的层次分析法确定了权值矩阵,实现了样本分配。最后通过实例验证表明该方法考虑因素全面,运用灵活,更具代表性和工程应用价值。     

小子样疲劳试验数据的特征寿命估算方法评估

疲劳试验数据一般属小子样范畴,在Weibull寿命分布的假设下应考虑特征寿命的统计置信度.总结特征寿命概率估计的贝叶斯法和虚拟增广样本的Bootstrap法,通过2024-T3直耳片的七组疲劳试验数据对二者进行对比和评估.针对EDF拟合检验法无法对特征寿命估计值的合理性提供实质性指导的问题,提出一种新的试验样本数据全部落入寿命分布（1-a）双侧百分位区间的判定方法.结果表明：Bootstrap法的特征寿命估计值比贝叶斯法偏大;本文提出的判定方法可有效定性判断特征寿命估计值偏大或偏小.     

Roadmap to a human Mars mission

We propose a new roadmap for the preparation of the first human mission to Mars. This proposal is based on the work of ISECG and several recent recommendations on human Mars mission architectures. A table is proposed to compare the possible benefits of different preparatory missions. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of qualifying important systems thanks to a heavy Mars sample return mission. It is shown that this mission is mandatory for the qualification of Mars aerocapture at scale-1, EDL systems at scale 1 and Mars ascent. Moreover, it is a good opportunity to test many other systems, such as the heavy launcher and the transportation systems for the trips beyond LEO. These tests were not mentioned in the last ISECG report. This strategy is facilitated in the case of the simplified Mars mission scenarios that have recently been presented because it is suggested that relatively small vehicles with small crew sizes are used in order to optimize the payload mass fraction of the landing vehicles and to avoid the LEO assembly. An important finding of the study is that a human mission to the surface of the Moon is not required for the qualification of the systems of a human mission to Mars. Since affordability is a key criterion, two important missions are proposed in the roadmap. The first is a heavy Mars sample return mission and the second is a manned mission to a high Earth orbit or eventually to the vicinity of the Moon. It is shown that both missions are complementary and sufficient to qualify all the critical systems of the Mars mission.